United States Senate elections, 1794

The United States Senate elections of 1794 was the election which had the formation of organized political parties in the United States, with the Federalist Party emerging from the Pro Administration coalition, and the Democratic-Republican Party emerging from the Anti-Administration coalition.

As this election was prior to ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment, Senators were chosen by State legislatures.

Contents 1 Results 2 Senate composition before and after elections 2.1 Senate composition at the end of the 3rd Congress 2.2 Senate composition at the beginning of the 4th Congress 3 Complete list of races 4 See also 5 References

Results

4th Congress (1795–1797)

• Majority Party: Federalist (20)
• Minority Party: Democratic-Republican (10)
• Other Parties: 0
• Total Seats: 30

Senate composition before and after elections

Senate composition at the end of the 3rd Congress

					A1	A2	A3	A4	A5
P16	P17	A13	A12	A11	A10	A9	A8	A7	A6
P15	P14	P13	P12	P11	P10	P9	P8	P7	P6
					P1	P2	P3	P4	P5

• P₁₃ through P₁₇ and A₈ through A₁₃: 10 of the 30- Senators were up for re-election.

Senate composition at the beginning of the 4th Congress

					DR1	DR2	DR3	DR4	DR5
F16 √	F17 O	F18 &	F19 +	F20 +	DR10 √	DR9 √	DR8 √	DR7	DR6
F16 √	F14 √	F13 √	F12	F11	F10	F9	F8	F7	F6
					F1	F2	F3	F4	F5

• F₁₈ X: James Gunn (Georgia) was associated with the Anti-Administration coalition in the previous Congress, but was a Federalist in the subsequent Congress. In later elections, this would be considered a party switch.

Key	Parties		Results
	A = Anti-Administration		√ = Party hold: Incumbent re-elected
	DR = Democratic-Republican		& = Party gain: Incumbent re-elected, but changed party/coalition
	F = Federalist		O = Party hold: New Senator elected from same party/coalition
	P = Pro-Administration		+ = Party gain: New Senator elected from party/coalition

Complete list of races

All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats, except where noted.

State	Incumbent	Party	Result	Candidates
Connecticut	Stephen Mitchell	Pro-Administration	Retired Federalist gain	Jonathan Trumbull, Jr. (Federalist)
Georgia	James Gunn	Anti-Administration	Incumbent re-elected to a new party Federalist gain	James Gunn (Federalist)
Kentucky	John Edwards	Anti-Administration	[Data unknown/missing. You can help!] Federalist gain	Humphrey Marshall (Federalist)
Maryland	John Henry	Pro-Administration	Incumbent re-elected to a new party Federalist gain	John Henry (Federalist)
New Hampshire	John Langdon	Anti-Administration	Incumbent re-elected to a new party Democratic-Republican gain	John Langdon (Democratic-Republican)
New York	Rufus King	Pro-Administration	Incumbent re-elected to a new party Federalist gain	Rufus King (Federalist)
North Carolina	Benjamin Hawkins	Anti-Administration	[Data unknown/missing. You can help!] Democratic-Republican gain	Timothy Bloodworth (Democratic-Republican)
Pennsylvania	Robert Morris	Pro-Administration	[Data unknown/missing. You can help!] Federalist gain	William Bingham (Federalist)
South Carolina	Ralph Izard	Pro-Administration	[Data unknown/missing. You can help!] Federalist gain	Jacob Read (Federalist)
Vermont	Stephen R. Bradley	Anti-Administration	[Data unknown/missing. You can help!] Federalist gain	Elijah Paine (Federalist)
Virginia Special (class 1)	James Monroe	Anti-Administration	Resigned May 11, 1794. Winner was elected November 18, 1794 to finish the term ending March 3, 1797 Anti-Administration hold	Stevens Thomson Mason (Anti-Administration)
Virginia Special (class 2)	John Taylor	Anti-Administration	Resigned May 11, 1794. Winner was elected November 18, 1794 to finish the term ending March 3, 1799 Anti-Administration hold	Henry Tazewell (Anti-Administration)

See also

• United States House of Representatives elections, 1794
• 4th United States Congress

References

• Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present, via Senate.gov

United States Senate elections Pre-17th Amendment 1788 1790 1792 1794 1796 1798 1800 1802 1804 1806 1808 1810 1812 1814 1816 1818 1820 1822 1824 1826 1828 1830 1832 1834 1836 1838 1840 1842 1844 1846 1848 1850 1852 1854 1856 1858 1860 1862 1864 1866 1868 1870 1872 1874 1876 1878 1880 1882 1884 1886 1888 1890 1892 1894 1896 1898 1900 1902 1904 1906 1908 1910 1912 Post-17th Amendment 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 1934 1936 1938 1940 1942 1944 1946 1948 1950 1952 1954 1956 1958 1960 1962 1964 1966 1968 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 Others: Special elections Disputes See also: House elections Presidential elections Gubernatorial elections